awni

My House
My house is a very nice place. It is a big gray house with white windows and doors; it also has a big dutiful back yard with a swing set in the very back, and a deck with four chairs and a table. The front yard is very plane, and small. In the inside of the house there are four rooms, kitchen, bathroom.
The first room beside the house door is the master bedroom and it has white walls, and windows covered with dark red cartons, the carpet are very light brown, and the bed sets in the middle with two night stands in both sides, in the very front of the bed there is the entertamintcenter with the TV, right beside it is a walk in closet with the cloth hanging and shoos. Out of the master bedroom is the living room, it has Wight walls and windows covered with Wight cartons, the carpet is light brown, the big couch sets on the very center of the room with two side tables in both sides of it, a coffee table in the front of it, in the other side of the room stands a grandpa clock, entertain center with the TV and some family pictures. Then there are the two small bedrooms comes first the babies room which also has the same colors of walls and carpet, windows are covered with baby blue cartons, in tow walls side sets the babies beds, and in the very front wall sets the entertain center with the TV and some babies picture, thin there are the swing sets and bouncers sets in the middle of the rooms and right beside the door there is there dresser. Then comes the big brothers room which is a batman bedroom set it comes with bed sets in the front wall and two night stands to the sides of the bed with a batman light on the top, walls, carpet are the same color of the rest of the house, windows has batman on it with blue and gray colors. Next to these bedroom comes the bathroom, which is an ordinary bathroom, every thing is white sink with a medicin cabinet and mirror on top, bath top with a green shower carton, toilet, and a towels hanger. Before last comes the kitchen with hard wood flooring and a lots of cabinets to the side of the cabinets there is the stove, right next to it the fridge, on the other side wall there is the dining table and four chairs, on the table the is a white table cloth and a candles set, on the bottom cabinets there is the cutting board and the microwave on the top, walls on there are also white. Last room in the house is the Landry room, its a white walls room with a washer and drier on the side wall and few cabinets on the top of them, it has a hardwood floor and a small red carpet on the top, on the other side of the room there is the computer table with the computer on top, the last of this room is the back door where it start all over again with the back yard. And this is how my house looks like.

Nuclear testing in Nevada

Synthesis Exam

As we know, the environment today is one of the most important things in our life. In fact, nowadays many things can affect the environment very badly such as water pollution, air pollution, and food pollution. Nuclear testing at the Nevada test site might affect many humans’ health or life.

Nuclear testing should be done in a special place made just for military nuclear testing, and also this area should be far away from the human’s life. “Now president Bush says the military needs to get the site primed for testing should the need arise. His promised that he has no plans now to resume the test sounds too much like assurances made 50 years ago” (Tribune, 2004, p. 7). The president of U.S, Bush, promised the people in Nevada that the test would not be the same as 50 years ago (Tribune, 2004). I think that President Bush should stop using this area and he should consider the people’s life around this area.

Many people do not want this test to happen in this country. According to Bill Evenson, Salt Lake Tribune, “we don't need test for develop new nuclear weapons. There are more than 1, 000 good reasons that back up this point. The United States generated a warehouse of information when it carried out 1, 030 nuclear tests over nearly 50 years” (Evenson, 2004, par. 6). The people in this country think that there are many reasons for not using this test in this area (2004). In Nevada and northern Arizona many humans are living in this area and that might cause many children lives to be to be in danger. According to Norman Sloman, (Pravda.RU, 2001, p. 1), “Nevada and northern Arizona...children and others are living in downwind areas were beginning to develop leukemia”. The children’s in Nevada and northern Arizona started to feel illness after the first test that was made 50 years ago (2001, p. 1).

First, around this area there are many homes and many people towns. So, after using the same area more than one time, that could make many other problems to the people who live in this country. One of these problems is other countries might start testing their own nuclear weapons in the same place. According to Tony Batt, (2002, par. 7), “A resumption nuclear test in Nevada might spur other countries to start testing their own nuclear weapons”. I agree with Batt (2002), because this author said that if the nuclear test in Nevada is allowed, that could be the beginning for other testing in other nations.

Second, we have to avoid testing nuclear power for conducting military tasks. According to Zaitchik (2004, pars. 4-6), “Last week, Russia held a wide-ranging exercise simulating a nuclear war with America. Military satellites were launched under simulation battlefield conditions, and Russia’s beleaguered early warning system was put through the ringer. Gen Yuri Baluyevsky, first deputy chief of the General Staff of the Russian military, told reporters in Moscow that the military exercise reflected Russian concerns over U.S plans to research and developed new classes of nuclear weapons, including so-called bunker busters”.

In fact, we have to stay against nuclear testing power, because there are many dangers result of using nuclear power in this area. Radiation is one of these results, which is one of the worst causes of destroying human life and getting many health disease problems. We know that radioactivity is the waste of using this kind of energy efficiently. But, we must pay attention to the people’s history related to getting illness for being exposed to radioactivity. For example, Gubler (2004) is a person who got skin cancer after being exposed to some nuclear explosion in Cedar City. According to this, the Libertarian Party Press release indicated “the National Cancer Institute admitted that government nuclear test in the 1950s and 1960s showered the lower 48 states with Iodine 131-- and exposed people in five states to enough radiation to cause lethal thyroid cancer. Especially vulnerable: Children under age five, who received radiation dosages three to seven times above the average” (1997, par. 3).

In conclusion, nuclear testing is producing a lot of dangers diseases in human’s life. To protect human’s life we have to do many things. First, we have to stop testing nuclear power for conducting military tasks. Second, we must stop nuclear testing because it can affect the environment badly, and that causes environmental pollution which can happen very quickly to this country, for example air pollution water pollution. Lastly, we must to stop nuclear testing because there is a harmful effect in human beings due to the waste called radioactivity.

Transportation pollution in New York City

retrieved from http://www.wnbiodiesel.com/Truck%20Polution1.jpg

Research Paper

I became interested in the New York City public transportation after reading several articles about it. As we know, New York City is one of the most famous and most populated cities in the U.S. This makes the city more likely to be more polluted in the future. One of the sources of the pollution in New York is transportation pollution. New York City has lots of cars, trucks and buses. These vehicles immense amounts of smoke and dangerous gases, which can affect the environment and human health. Basically, this is because of the use of traditional gases such as diesel and gasoline. This paper argues Federal Government as well as New York City officials should work to protect the city and its people from pollution. The government should take care of the environmental situation in the city. The government should start first to use natural gas in the city so as to encourage everybody else to use it as the government does. Secondly, the government should start to make trucks and buses in New York City work by natural gas instead of oil and diesel. Moreover, the government should create incentives for projects which use natural gas instead of traditional fuel, through their production process, for example, a 5-year tax exemption. Insurance companies and driver’s license departments should charge the owners of private cars, taxies and trucks the New York officials should make the natural gas more available to use than other fuels in the markets. Also more research should be done, especially on the average age for the natural gas and generation of other fuels.

There are many advantages if we use the natural gas instead of other traditional fuels and there are many disadvantages if we use the traditional fuels. New York City government has many things to do to make the public more interested in using natural gas in transportation than diesel, at the same time to make many people live with clean environment from pollution.

There are many advantages if we use the natural gas instead of other traditional fuels. First, natural gas is cleaner than other kinds of fuels that we use in transportation. According to P.W. Huber (2005, p. 5), “Natural gas buses (CNG) are cleaner than diesel”. And also, according to Atmos Energy Corporation (2002, p. 16), “Because natural gas is the cleanest-burning fossil fuel, it can help improve the quality of air and water when used in place of more-polluting energy sources”. In fact, New York City will be in serious danger if we have air pollution, which comes from transportation. As a result, natural gas is the best power for the transportation that does not cause high levels of pollution. According to G. Robinson (2005, p. 3), “Many New York activists and politicians have put much of their recent efforts into trying to save federal clean air regulations. Failing to do so, they believe, puts the health of New Yorkers and the very future of the city at risk". Air pollution in New York could create many health problems and risks. According to G.T. Miller, Jr (1996, p. 125), “According to EPA and the American Lung Association, air pollution cost the United States at least $150 billion annually in health care and lost work productivity, with $100 billion of that caused by indoor air pollution”.

There are many things that should be done about using natural gas in the transportation system. The first step is that the government should start first to use natural gas in the city. So, everybody else will start to use natural gas as the government does. According to P.W. Huber (2005, p. 19), “Natural gas is the cleanest burning alternative transportation fuel available today. Long recognized as an excellent fuel when used to generate electricity, heat homes, and fuel industrial facilities, the true ability of natural gas as a transportation fuel only recently has been exploited”. The government in New York can use the natural gas in many federal places and in much federal transportation such as in the public buses, public places such as streets lights, and police cars. So, the people in New York City will be more interested in following the government idea.

The second step is that the government should start to make trucks and buses in New York City work by natural gas instead of oil and diesel. According to M. Bluejay (2005, p. 7) “a CNG bus is either cheaper to operate or about the same as a diesel bus and is really just a bus, but cleaner. In fact, nominally CNG buses cost about $300--$325 k (each) while conventional diesels cost about $250 k--$275k”. If we make comparison between natural gas and diesel power in trucks, we will find that natural gas is cleaner and cheaper than other kinds. According to Huber (2005, p. 15), “the fuel cycle emissions of natural gas are much less than other transportation fuels”. And also, it's much quieter than diesel. Moreover, the government should provide incentives for more projects to use natural gas instead of traditional gas, for example, a 5-year tax exemption. In fact, the people in New York and in the other places in the world are looking for the best deal and the cheapest prices, especially if this deal will be in gas prices. This is one of the significant ideas to make people more likely to use the natural gas. M. Vaughan (2005, p. 13) says, “We believe that our natural gas products will be cheaper overall than "clean diesel" products by 2010. Natural gas is attractive to countries and customers concerned about oil supply and climate change (for which there's no good wide-scale solution except a switch to natural gas) and the environmental benefits are clear”. The third point is natural gas is much quieter than other kinds of fuels. So, many trucks will able to use natural gas and many people can live with clean air.

One of the fastest ways to push the people to use the natural gas instead of others is the insurance companies and the drivers, license department. They should charge the public cars and taxies a penalty, if they do not use the natural gas in their cars. The government can make the natural gas cheaper than other traditional fuels and make the natural gas more available in the markets. In fact, the people always like to use the thing that is more common for them; they do not like to try new things especially if this thing is a new kind of fuel, because they are scared to use it in their own cars, but if the government starts to use the natural gas, then step by step the public will get used to using natural gas in the car.

One of the disadvantages of New York City is noise pollution. There is a big difference between natural gas fuel and other kinds of fuels. In fact, natural gas can make less sound than other fuels in most cases, because natural gas does not make very much noise. So, we can begin to try to reduce some of the New York City workplace noise. According to G. Robinson (2005, p. 20), “noise pollution human-created noise is harmful to health or welfare. Transportation vehicles are the worst offenders, with aircraft, railroad stock, trucks, buses, automobiles, and motorcycles all producing excessive noise”. In fact, we all know how much noise can bother us and make so much stress when we are sleeping or studying for the test. So, natural gas can solve this problem.


retrieved from http://www.bendib.com/environment/4-15-Natural-Gas.jpg


Natural gas is applicable now almost everywhere in the world. According to Michael Vaughan (2005, p. 15), “NGVs natural gas vehicles are in use around the world and have an excellent safety record”. Natural gas can be used in the transportation area to cut down on these high levels of pollution from diesel- powered cars, trucks, and buses. “NGVs are here today and have repeatedly demonstrated their ability to surpass even the most demanding new emission requirements. These vehicles are not prototype vehicles, but rather are production line vehicles ready for freedom now. NGVs come in a variety of makes and models trucks and buses” (Canadian Corporate Newswire, 2005 p. 8). Since natural gas is available in every major world market, we have to use it as soon as possible. Looking to the future as transportation technologies continue to evolve, we can use natural gas as a source of energy for fuel cells between the other countries instead of diesel. Natural gas must play a critical and growing role to solve the transportation pollution problem. According to Atmos Energy Corporation (2002, p. 14), “Almost one-half of the 50 states have large deposits of natural gas, but just five states have one-half of the U.S. reserves: Alaska, Texas, Louisiana, New Mexico and Oklahoma. Currently, no Alaskan gas is being transported to the lower-48 states”.

The last point is that pollution causes global warming which raises the temperature and then causes many serious health problems for both humans and animals. According to Gail Robinson (2005, p. 16), “many of the effects on New York would be far from benign. For example, an increase in temperature of just one degree could cause heat related deaths to more than double to almost 700 a year. And the four-degree jump would cause the already unhealthy levels of ozone to rise, since heat contributes to the production of ozone in the lower atmosphere”. According to Seana Lanigan (2005, p. 3), “The structure of European natural gas markets, like electricity, is undergoing a process of change. For some this represents a revolutionary process of reform while for others it is an evolutionary process. European Union (EU) legislation is forcing many countries to break up state monopolies and introduce at least a degree of competition into their domestic markets. As a result of legislation the hope is that competition will extend internationally with the ultimate end result of lower consumer prices while ensuring security of supply is maintained”. Moreover, many scientists believe that there is ozone in the world. G.T. Miller, Jr (1996, p. 118) says, “The scientific consensus is that we have to stop producing ozone depleting chemicals now. After saying no, we will still have to wait about 100 years for the ozone layer to return to 1985 levels, and another 100-200 years for full recovery”. In fact, the ozone hole is threatening people’s lives. According to Gail Robinson (2005, p. 14), “almost all scientists agree create global warming. In the late 1990s, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted that, in the next 100 years, temperatures in New York could rise by four degrees Fahrenheit in the winter and spring and even more in the summer and fall”. The earth is the only one that we have we do not have another place to live, so we have; to clean the earth from any kind of pollution. This is because if we pollute very much, then it will be very difficult to fix and to solve the pollution problems in the world.

* Bibliography:

Atmos Energy Corporation. (2002, July 26).What is natural gas? The Spirit of Service. Retrieved on 11/29/2005 from http://www.atmosenergy.com/about/gas/.

Bluejay, M. (n.d). Pollution caused by cars. Bicycle universe info. Retrieved on November 25, 2005 from http://bicycleuniverse.info/cars/pollution.html.

California State Lands Commission. (2005). Article 6. Pollution Control. Retrieved on November 29, 2005 from http://www.slc.ca.gov/Regulations/Article_6_Pollution_Control.htm.


Underwood, J. D. (2005, May 5). NYC needs natural-gas refuse trucks. Newsday. Retrieved on Oct. 25, 2005 from: Lexis Nexis:

Vaughan, M. (2005, April 28). Natural Gas: The Route to a 'Clean Air Corridor'. Westport Innovations Inc. Retrieved on 11/29/2005 from http://www.westport.com/news/view.php?table=tLArticle&id=84&return_to=media.php.

English Language

The article “whose culture are we taking about? Attitudes both to immigrants and foreign languages in schools, and taking for granted that Britain should be a monoglot society. This is bad history, and it will be bad for our future” the author Deborah Cameron to talk about how the English language will change in the future and how the language is dependant on business sometimes. The New Labour has two proposals. The first one is in a green paper, that to remove foreign languages means to make English their first language and then allow foreign language study from the age 14. The second is in white paper applicants for British should be in English. People who are not speaking foreign language is natural for most of us and it's not require, but for foreign to speak our language is good for enough to give them a full membership of our community. British citizens must speak English. For adults, it's impossible for them to memorize the language, and they think that their children will be like them. In fact, some people can survive their whole life without using English. That tells us that multilingualism is not alien to our traditions. To be a British citizenship does not require people to speak English or take a test. The idea is to keep our nations together. To learn the English language, is required between the age 11 and 14, and most schools will not employ many language teachers. English is a global language; the global language is the only one that anybody needs to know.

Reaction:
I agree with the author’s idea which is that the English language is neither easy to learn. In fact, I think the British citizens must speak English. And I think the most important ideas are the age for learning English should be from young age and most schools will not be able to put many languages teachers. I like this kind of article because it is easy to get the main idea from the article. In fact, this article is not short, but it’s easy to read. There is little difficult vocabulary; lastly it's also helpful for the foreign readers. But, I believe it needs some examples.

Transportation in New York

Argumentative Essay

I became interested in the New York City public transportation after reading several articles about it. As we know, New York City is one of the most famous and most populated cities in the U.S. This makes the city more likely to be more polluted in the future. One of the sources of the pollution in New York is transportation pollution. New York City has lots of cars, trucks and buses. These vehicles mean immense amounts of smoke and dangerous gases, which can affect the environment and human health. This is mainly because of the use of traditional gases such as diesel and gasoline. Federal Government as well as New York City officials should work to protect the city and its people from pollution. The government should start first to use natural gas in the city so as to encourage everybody else to use it as the government does. Secondly, the government should start to make trucks and buses in New York City work by natural gas instead of oil and diesel. Moreover, the government should create incentives for projects, which use natural gas instead of traditional fuel, for example, a 5-years tax exemption. Insurance companies and driver’s license department should charge the owners of private cars, taxies and trucks the New York officials should make the natural gas more available to use than other fuels in the markets. Also more research should be done, especially on the average age for the natural gas and generation of other fuels.

There are many advantages if we use the natural gas instead of other traditional fuels. New York City government has many things to do to make the public more interested in using natural gas in transportation than diesel, at the same time to make many people live with clean environment.

There are many things that should be done about using natural gas in the transportation system. The first step is that the government should start first to use natural gas in the city. So, everybody else will start to use natural gas as the government does. The government in New York City can use the natural gas in many federal places and in many federal transportation such as in the public buses and police cars. The people in New York City will be more interesting in fallowing the government idea.

The second step is that the government should start to make trucks and buses in New York City work by natural gas instead of oil and diesel. Moreover, the government should provide incentives for more projects to use natural gas instead of traditional gas, for example, a 5-year tax exemption. In fact, the people in New York and in the other places in the world, every day they are looking for the best deal and the cheapest prices, especially if this deal will be in gas prices. This is one of the fastest ideas to make people more likely to use the natural gas.

One of the fastest ways to push the people to use the natural gas instead of others is the insurance companies and the driving licensing department. They should charge the public cars and taxies a penalty, if they do not use the natural gas in their cars. Also, the government can make the natural gas cheaper than other traditional fuels and make the natural gas more available in the markets. In fact, the people always like to use the thing that is more common for them; they do not like to try new things especially if this thing is a new kind of fuel, because they scare to use it in their own cares, but if the government starts to use the natural gas, then step by step the people will get used to using natural gas in the car.

In conclusion, the authors pointed out to the differences between diesel and natural gas. First, natural gas trucks are much quieter than diesel trucks, because natural gas not only contributes to reducing pollution but also is more affordable and more important to improving quality of life than diesel. Another difference is that natural gas can also make less sound than other fuels in most cases, because natural gas does not make very much noise. So, we can begin to try to reduce workplace noise. Finally, the authors also go on to mention that natural gas is applicable now almost everywhere in the world. Moreover, natural gas is much cheaper than other kinds of fuels. So, many trucks will able to use natural gas and many people can live with clean air.

Reference:

Canadian Corporate Newswire. (2005, July 26). Westport Innovators, Inc.: New study points to Economic Edge for Heavy-Duty Natural Gas Vehicles. Retrieved on 10/27/05 from Lexis Nexis.

Komanoff, C. (2004, August 14)."Auto-Free" NYC: A Roadway Pricing Primer. Retrieved on Oct. 19, 2005 from http://www.transalt.org/press/magazine/944JulAugafp/06auto-fee.html

Underwood, J. D. (2005, May 5). NYC needs natural-gas refuse trucks. Newsday. Retrieved on Oct. 25, 2005 from: Lexis Nexis:

Transportation in New York

Research Paper Proposal

I became interested in the New York City public transportation after reading several articles about it. As we know New York City today is one of the most famous cities in the U.S, and also New York City has a large population, and that makes the city more likely to be polluted in the future. Examples of transportation pollution in New York City are trucks and buses, which are used very much in New York City to transport the goods from one place to another. The problem is most people are still using very much fuel to move from one place to another, and that produces many dangerous gases, which can affect the environment and human health. According to the author J.D. Underwood (2005), there are ways to protect the environment in New York City from different kinds of chemical gases, which come from trucks, buses, and other kinds of transportation. In fact, the author is trying to show the differences between diesel and natural gas in New York City. First, natural gas trucks are much quieter than diesel trucks, because natural gas not only contributes to reducing pollution but also is more affordable and more important to improving quality of life than diesel. Another reason is that natural gas can also make less sound than other fuels in most cases, because natural gas does not make very much noise. So, we can begin to try to reduce workplace noise. Finally, the author also goes on to mention that natural gas is applicable now almost everywhere in the world. Moreover, natural gas is much cheaper than other kinds of fuels. So, many trucks will able to use natural gas and many people can live with clean air.

I plan on writing that there are many things that should be done about using natural gas in the transportation system. The first step, the government should start first to use natural gas in the city. So, everybody else will start to use natural gas as the government does. The second step, the government should start to make trucks and buses in New York City work by natural gas instead of oil and diesel. Moreover, the government should make incentives for more projects to use natural gas instead of traditional kinds for example, 5- year tax exemption. Other way is the insurance companies and the driving licensing department should charge the public cars and taxies penalty, if they do not use the natural gas in their cars. Lastly, the New York government should develop other fuels in the country such as natural gas and make the natural gas more available to use than other fuels in the markets. Also more research should be done, especially on the average age for the natural gas and other fuels generation.

I have found many articles that give background information on the public transportation improvement and effectiveness. And also, I have found the main points that can help to describe the pollution problems. But I still need an article about how we can make more development in the transportation system in New York City, and how we can make most of the people in New York try to use the subways instead of cars.

Reference:
Underwood, J. D. (2005, May 5). NYC needs natural-gas refuse trucks. Newsday. Retrieved on Oct. 25, 2005 from: Lexis Nexis:

Canadian Corporate Newswire. (2005, July 26). Westport Innovators, Inc.: New study points to Economic Edge for Heavy-Duty Natural Gas Vehicles. Retrieved on 10/27/05 from Lexis Nexis.

Natural gas may power big trucks

Summary Response #2

In this article, "New study points to Economic Edge for Heavy-Duty Natural Gas Vehicles,” the author is looking at the possibility of building natural gas engines for large trucks. Natural gas vehicles (NGVs), in 2010 technologies will be more purchased if our oil prices are high. Vehicles with tachometric natural gas engines will have similar owning and operating costs compared to diesel. NGVs have surpassed all other competitors in delivering better emissions performance. Moreover, NGVs have been specialized to the most demanding sentiments, able to work with other kinds of fuels. According to the author, oil prices are creating great economic advantage and opportunity for natural gas. The TIAX is well organized so, the vehicle and fuel cost may well be the best for the country’s economy. Oil prices are increasing nowadays, so natural gas technologies are cheaper than the diesel alternatives and might be used as power for trucks soon in most countries in the world, because it's the best for environment and saving money. Moreover, oil price has a significant effect on world business and industry. Many people transform ideas into products and problems into solutions in most cases. TIAX is a leading collaborative product and development, whereas Westport business is the leading developer of environmental technologies.

Natural gas is the cleanest burning alternative transportation fuel available today, which could be used in trucks, since natural gas is cheaper than diesel power and much better.

I agree with the author’s idea to use natural gas instead of other fuels such as diesel or oil. Many countries and cities all over the world should use natural gas as soon as possible, because these cities are more able to be polluted faster than others. Nowadays, many countries are focusing on business and industrial situations without taking care of the environmental situation in the city. As we know, many industrial companies need many trucks and a large amount of fuel power to use every day to make business. So, I think the best way for these companies is to use natural gas for transportation, such as in trucks and also as industrial fuel power. So, they can help protect the environment from pollution and at the same time help the people among them. I believe that we are using very much oil every year. One day in the future we will not find any more oil. That is why we should find other kinds of power we can use in the future.

There are many advantages from using natural gas power instead of using diesel and oil power in business and transportation. First, natural gas can also make less sound than other fuels in most cases. So, natural gas will be very helpful in the big cities that are very crowded in transportation such as New York. Another reason is natural gases are much cheaper than other kinds of transportation. We can find that natural gas is cheaper than diesel or oil. If we make comparison between natural gas and diesel power in trucks, we will find that natural gas has cleaner fuels and is much quieter than diesel. Lastly, natural gas is available in many countries in the world.

Natural gas can be used in the transportation area to cut down on these high levels of pollution from diesel- powered cars, trucks, and buses. In fact, in the future the trucks will be able to clean our streets while also helping to make sure everything is clean and there is healthy air for the community.

In conclusion, “NGVs are here today and have repeatedly demonstrated their ability to surpass even the most demanding new emission requirements. These vehicles are not prototype vehicles, but rather are production line vehicles ready for freedom now. NGVs come in a variety of makes and models trucks and buses” (Praiwan, 2005 par. 8). Since natural gas is available in every major world market, we have to use it as soon as possible. Looking to the future as transportation technologies continue to evolve, we can use natural gas as a source of energy for fuel cells between the other countries instead of diesel. Natural gas must play a critical and growing role to solve the transportation pollution problem.

Reference:
Canadian Corporate Newswire. (2005, July 26). Westport Innovators, Inc.: New study points to Economic Edge for Heavy-Duty Natural Gas Vehicles. Retrieved on 10/27/05 from Lexis Nexis.

Praiwan, Y. (2005, October 24). Summits forms NGV engine venture: First phase targets truck and bus fleets. Retrieved on 10/27/05 from Lexis Nexis.

Personal Heroes

News Talk
Term 056

Wangari Maathai is my personal hero; she is the first African woman to win the Noble peace since it was created in 1901. And also, she is working hard to help the environment by planning trees in Africa.

Wangari Maathai has many environmental activities in the world, and she is the Nobel peace prize winner. She is from Kenya, and she starts plant trees in her back yard, but she did not give up her goals. She made the green Belt Movement successfully. Every year she plants millions of trees across Africa. Lastly, she is not only working to protect the environment, but also she wants to improve governance.

Reference: http://static.flickr.com/1/783244_109f135e6f.jpg

New York City Wants Clean Air

Summary Response #1

In this article, “NYC needs natural-gas refuse trucks” the author is talking about how to protect the environment in New York City from different kinds of chemicals gases, which come from trucks and other kinds of transportation. In fact, the author is trying to show the differences between diesel and natural –gas refuse trucks in New York City. Thus, for the author natural gas trucks are best, although diesel manufacturers said they will meet the nitrogen-oxide standards in 2007. The outhor believes that natural gas trucks are much quieter than diesel trucks. Natural gas not only contributes to reducing pollution but also is also more affordable and more important to improving quality of life than diesel. The author also goes on to mention that natural gas is applicable now almost everywhere in the world. According to the author, today New York City has a large number of populations, and that makes the city more likely to be polluted in the future, because most people are using very much fuel to move from one place to another. This is why the author suggests that we use natural gas in this kind of place. So, we can reduce pollution and make everybody else healthy. Natural gas can also make less sound than other fuels in most cases, because natural gas does not make very much noise. The good news is New York City will have natural gas soon?

Many trucks will able to use natural gas and many people can be live with clean air.

In my opinion, I agree with the author’s idea to use natural gas in New York City and in many countries all over the world. As we know, New York City is one of the most famous cities in the U.S. and one of the highest in population. New York City also has many industrial companies, which need many trucks to move from New York to other states everyday, so I think the best way for these companies is to use the natural gas for transportation such as in trucks, so they can protect the environment from pollution and also the other people among the city. I think the government should give more attention to this kind of pollution, which comes mostly from the trucks? Because in the future we should find other kinds of power to use for transportation. I believe many people in New York City must use cars and trucks for most of their lives. But they do not care about the environment.

In conclusion, New York City might have a seniors problem in the future time, if the city does not use on other kind of power, which is natural gas. Natural gas is the healthier, cheaper, and the best for the environmental in the New York City. Many trucks problem and also, environment problem can be solved to make the air clean in New York City from many chemical gases if we change the chemical gas, which is used in trucks right now to the natural gas. New York City has many noises, which mostly come from trucks, so natural gas can reduce these noises very much.

Underwood, J D. (2005, May 5). NYC needs natural-gas refuse trucks. Newsday. Retrieved on Oct. 25, 2005 From: Lexis Nexis:

What you can do in New York City !

New York City is one of the most famous cities in the U.S. If you have plan to visit New York City soon, and you want to have a great trip to the New York in the future, you should visit all these websites. New York is the please where you can find fun and happiness. In New York you can stay in greatest hotel in the world. In the morning you can start your day with breakfast and reading the famous news paper in the U.S, which is the The New York Times. After that you can use the New York map, which can guide you to all beautiful pleacses in the city. For transportation in the city, you can use either the yellow cab or the subway system. Seines every body bussy in New York, you can go to the fames fast food restaurant to have your lunch. After having lunch, you still want to keep shopping, taking some pictures at the highest beautiful towers around you, and keep having fun in many pleases in New York. At night you will be more than happy with New York City glitzy lights around you. Finally, you can go to many famous night clubs in New York so you can do many thing on it such as dancing and drinking. At the end of your day, you just want to go to your king size bed in you hotel and sleep to start another beautiful morning in the next day.

Hot nights in the New York City

Summary Response

This article, “Hot nights in the city: New York City’s environmental future" discussed the future environmental problem in New York City. In the month of July 1999, New York City started to record high temperature? In 1869 New York City recorded the highest temperature degree. It was the hottest and driest 11 days in New York that made thirty-three people die from heat and no available air conditioning. The most serious problem was on July 6 and 7 when 200,000 people were without any electricity; that was because the feeder cables were not able to send power to some areas that have old cables. Many companies failed to fix the necessary power and global warming the main reason for the heat. However, a recent report found that what happened in that month was just a small part from the future. Moreover, a recent report shows that New York City in the future will be in an environmentally frightening situation. When human keep burning coal and oil, which will produce gases, that will be very helpful to make global warming. In New York the temperature increased 4 degrees since 1880. Also, New York City expected that temperature would increase 5 to 10 degrees by the year 2100. In the summer New York expects the temperatures will be very hot, at night it will be over 75 degrees from 28 to 70 days each year. After increasing in temperature, there will be old people and children who have the greatest risk for problems. For example, what happened in Chicago in 1995? Poor people in New York are 21 times more likely than others to be affected by the global warming. Also, different diseases could affect New York City by mosquitoes such as malaria, which is because the warmer temperatures and heat are a good hand to spread mosquitoes in the city. Moreover, global warming also might cause flooding to many important parts in New York City, such as subways, houses, and airports. There will be also problems in sewer system.

New York City will have a series problem in the future, which is a big change in the temperature. This change will cause old people and children to lose their lives if they don’t stop polluting the earth.

In New York City and in most of the parts in the world will be in serious danger, which is going to put many old people and children in danger. I think the people should stop cutting down these and they should look carefully at the environmental problems, witch are going to happen in the future. I believe that many people are guilty; they don’t think about the environment problem in the world. Humans cannot believe that they will affect the environment in the world. They think the earth is just a large space that cannot ever be polluted by humans. But, they should know that is not correct. They should look at the last reports and research that shows the increasing in the temperature and at the big rising in the sea level. So, they are going to believe that environment and earth are in big danger.

In conclusion, as we know New York City has a large number of people. Many old people and children live in New York City. Can we imagine what is going to happen in the future, when there will be an increase in temperature and different kinds of diseases which are going to kill many old people and children. I think that we should put many rules to the industrial companies, because they are the most dangerous things in the earth for pollution.

Reference:

Whyte, A. (1999, August 17). Hot nights in the city: New York City's environmental future. Retrieved on Oct. 19, 2005. From http://www.wsws.org/articles/1999/aug1999/nyc-a17.shtml

Environmental Problem

Environment is one of the most important things in life nowadays
because most of the people in the world depend on environment to
live and to eat. In most other countries in the world there are many
environmental problems. For example, pollution, species, and cutting
down the trees. In my country also we have environment problems,
but the most dangerous one is oil and gas pollution. As we know,
oil and gas are the world’s most important forms of energy in my
country and in the world also, and it’s not easy to stop using oil
and gas. In fact, the government should do something about the problem,
and work harder to reduce the pollution in my country, such as try to
put some good filters to reduce the pollution in my country because this
is the time to take concrete steps to put an end to this problem.
for more information, go to oil and gas pollution.

Reference:

http://www.panda.org/graphics/arctic/arctic_oil_spill_KevinSCHAFER_58404.
jpg

Corruption in the World Bank

Research Paper

* Abstract *

I became interested in the World Bank activities and in the World Bank history after reading several articles about the corruption in the World Bank. The World Bank was set up in 1945 with the ultimate goals of developing the underdeveloped nations. The World Bank helps developing countries governments, in reducing poverty. Paul Wolfowitz is the new president of the World Bank. There is still so much poverty after many years of the World Bank’s existence, and that might show that the World Bank failed to solve the poverty problem. There are many aspects of corruption that exist in the World Bank. Now, this paper argues what kind of corruption does World Bank have? Also, in this paper I have found many articles that can give good background about these problems in the World Bank, and gives four suggestions for the World Bank administrations.

I became interested in the World Bank activities and in the World Bank history after reading several articles about it. The World Bank was set up in 1945 with the ultimate goals of developing the underdeveloped nations. What does the World Bank do? The World Bank helps governments in developing countries, and also reduces poverty by providing them with money and technical expertise such as building schools, health services and government services. The World Bank works for a world free from poverty. Nowadays, according to World Bank Takes, “ the World Bank today released its first annual report on investigations into allegations of fraud and corruption” (The World Bank Group, 2005, par. 2) which is good idea when the World Bank made an annual report to look for the bank business.

Paul Wolfowitz is the new president of the World Bank. He is chairman of the Bank’s board of executive directors and president of five interrelated organizations. The president of the Bank is a United States national. Paul Wolfowitz was unanimously approved as president number 10 of the World Bank Group by the institution’s Board of executive directors on March 31, 2005. According to J. Bush, (2005), Mr. Wolfowitz spent more than three decades as a public servant, ambassador and educator, including 24 years in government service under seven U.S. presidents. His practical experience in the developing world includes three years in Indonesia as U.S.

I think the World Bank will change its system and work very well for developing countries, and help the poverty in the world if the Bank used different kinds of solutions and suggestions to help the World Bank from different kind of corruptions. For example, employees should not keep accepting money from certain people. Also, employees should not keep stealing money from the World Bank. Moreover, the allegations of staff misconduct in the Bank should be solved, product substitutions, and fraud in contact performance. That is because if the World Bank did not solve there problems, that means the poor people are starving without any help.
In this research paper, there are four corruption problems and four solutions that should be done about the World Bank system.

In the last 10 years, the World Bank has had many corruption problems in the Bank. That’s way the World Bank so far has been unable to make successful development countries in Africa and in most poor countries. One of these kinds of corruption is product substitutions. According to the Republic of Lithuania, “AB Hidrostatyba, three of its employees and the former Director and Deputy Director of AB Panevezio Statybos Trestas were debarred for a period of three years for serious misconduct, in contravention of World Bank procurement guidelines. AB Panevezio Statybos Trestas and two of its employees were debarred for one year. The two companies engaged in collusion in order to guarantee the success of AB Hidrostatyba in obtaining a US$3.28 million contract for the expansion of water supply and wastewater networks in Klaipeda” (The World Bank group, 2005, par. 3). This is one example of product substitutions corruption which is more common with companies. I believe the most important thing in this case is the poor people, not the corruption problems, but if we want to help the poor people we must find some solutions to this corruption. If we use the product substitutions for giving the products to the poor people, that means we will not find any solutions to this poverty in the world and we all are now looking for solutions to this crisis.

Second, at a higher level, corruption of some high employees negatively affects the work at the World Bank and the loan system. Some employees accept bribes from certain people to make easy loans for them which they are really not eligible for. In fact, many people and countries pay money by taxes to the World Bank to help the poverty in the world. But not all this money is used for poor people; we don't know where this big part of this money is used. According to World Bank Takes, “Nine staff members were found to have engaged in fraudulent or corrupt practices, and were terminated and barred from rehire. Three staff members found to have engaged in other forms of misconduct received other disciplinary action consistent with Bank rules and procedures” (The World Bank Group, 2005, par. 10). So if the employees keep accepting money from certain people and employees keep stealing money, this means the poor people are starving without any help. In fact, this is also big problem when the employees are stealing World Bank money. Some employees may think it is not such a big deal that they use a little money for their stuff. The human is greedy. Sometimes they can’t control their mind in front of a lot of money. But they have to keep in mind that money is just for poor countries. However, if the World Bank does not solve this problem, the poor people will have less to eat.

There is still so much poverty after many years of the World Bank’s existence, and that shows it’s failed in its mission to free the world from poverty. As we know the World Bank is working for a world free of poverty, but we are still wondering why there is still so much poverty in the world. Moreover, we are still wondering where all these millions of dollars went? We know every year the World Bank has millions of dollars to help fight poverty in the world, but we still do not see much change. There is also one case of corruption in the World Bank, which is fraud in contact performance. In this kind of corruption the World Bank has lost a big part of Bank’s money, which is very big problem in the Bank? Also it could affect the treasury secretary, and put him in a big problem for a long time. According to J. Finer, “Corruption can take many forms, but it is usually defined as the misuse of public office or money for private gain. In the 1980s and early 1990s, most academic literature on economic development argued that corruption could help "grease the wheels" of a fledgling economy. But after several studies showed that corruption impedes development, many foreign aid programs began advocating ‘zero tolerance’ toward corruption” (Global Policy Forum, 2003, par. 9). I think the World Bank is needed for helping poor countries but they did what they must not do. According to the article, the World Bank hasn’t accepted the facts yet, but definitely they lost trust after they were revealed. In my opinion, if the World Bank didn’t do such a fraud, this thing wouldn’t have become a big problem.

After this big description about the corruption problems in the World Bank, I would like to give some solutions and suggestions to the Word Bank administrations. First, more researchers and investigators from different countries governments should work hard, especially at the World Bank building, to look carefully into every poverty project. I think researchers just can make the World Bank open up its cost files and help poor people to have what they need in money and food. In fact, if this problem in the World Bank isn't solved by researchers, it means many poor people will lose their lives each day. But I feel researchers and investigators will make a big difference in the World Bank business and improve it. According to Corruption: How the World Bank fights Corruption, “The Bank today spends $10 million a year on investigations and sanctions, more than all other multilateral development banks combined” (The World Bank Group, 2005, Par. 5)This is a good step from the World Bank administration for fighting the corruption in the bank. However, $10 million a year, it’s such a big amount of money just used to protect the World Bank money. Moreover, according to Corruption: How the World Bank fights Corruption, “As of the end of June 2005, the Integrity Department had 244 open cases, and since 1999 has investigated and closed 2,500 cases of alleged fraud or corruption, such as theft, bid-rigging, bribes, kickbacks, collusion or coercion by bidders, fraud in contract performance, product substitutions, email or fax scams, and misuse of World Bank funds. As a result, the World Bank has sanctioned more than 330 companies and individuals. The INT team is comprised of over 50 professionals from a range of disciplines and a diversity of countries. It includes financial analysts, researchers, investigators, lawyers, former prosecutors, forensic accountants, and experienced operational Bank staff” (The World Bank Group, 2005, par. 13)

One of the World Bank suggestions is to impose sanctions, for anyone or any company that made any kind of corruption in the World Bank, so the other companies or people who are planning to steal from World Bank money will be afraid of there big imposed sanctions. Moreover, the World Bank starts to make a hotline for any corruption. According to Corruption: How the World Bank fights Corruption, “The Bank’s anti-corruption initiatives related to its own lending portfolio are spearheaded by the Department of Institutional Integrity (INT), an independent unit reporting to the President. INT investigates allegations of fraud and corruption in Bank financed projects, and allegations of staff misconduct, and then refers its findings to decision makers such as the Sanctions Committee for action. Together with PREM and WBI, INT also contributes to prevention by training staff to detect and deter fraud and corruption in Bank operations. The Bank maintains an international hotline (1-800-831-0463) for anyone to report incidents of corruption and reports also can be made to the INT team online” (The World Bank Group, 2005, par. 10). The last solution is change the bank loan system; because I think it has not really worked very well so far.

The further of the World Bank will be very grateful, if the World Bank look carefully at the solutions in this paper. According to J. Simpson, (2005) in the BBC interview, “Do you think that by the end of the year there can be any real progress on making trade fairer? I think there needs to be and I very much hope there will be. My sense is that a lot of real work has got to come together between now and Hong Kong to make that happen. But the opportunities that will come from opening up trade - and not just trade between developed countries and developing countries that is appropriately the subject of a lot of focus, but developing countries themselves have got to reduce the barriers to trade among themselves and to what we call inter-regional trade. Developing countries in Africa have often more barriers to trading between themselves than they do to trade with Europe” (The World Bank group, 2005, par. 8). The new president of the World Bank said in an interview with BBC news that he will stand against corruption in the Bank and will fight it. In fact I believe he will do very much improvement in the next few years.

* Reference:

Bush, J. (2005, March 27) Janet Bush: for all talk about making poverty history, the result is still genocide-by numbers. Independent on Sunday (London). Retrieved on 8/31/05 from Lexis Nexis.

Republic of Lithuania: World Bank Sanctions AB Hydrostatical and AB Panevezio Statybos Trestas for Collusive Practices in the Klaipeda Environment Project. (2005, July 21) World Bank Group. Retrieved
Sept 28, 2005 from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:
20590345~pagePK:34370~piPK:34424~theSitePK:4607,00.html


Corruption: How the World Bank fights Corruption. (No date) World Bank Group. Retrieved Sept 28, 2005 from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:
20040922~pagePK:64257043~piPK:437376~theSitePK:4607,00.html

World Bank takes Further Step in Anti-Corruption Fight: Bank Initiates Annual Report Detailing Investigations. (2005, February 24) World Bank Group. Retrieved Sept 28, 2005 from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:
20368613~pagePK:34370~piPK:34426~theSitePK:4607,00.html

Finer, J. (2003, July 4) World Bank Focused on Fighting Corruption
Graft and Bribery, Once Tolerated, Punished by Blacklisting. Washington Post.
Retrieved on 9/28/05 from
http://www.globalpolicy.org/nations/launder/general/2003/0710wbank.htm

Simpson, J. (2005, July 8) Paul Wolfowitz Interview with BBC after
Gleneagles Summit. World Bank Group. Retrieved on 9/27/05 from http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/NEWS/0,,contentMDK:
20577632~menuPK:34476~pagePK:34370~piPK:34424~theSitePK:
4607,00.html

Globalization and Music

* Practice Final

Globalization is becoming one of the most important technological information developments in the world today. We see many people all over the world from different countries and different cultures like to listen to different kinds of music. That is because music can be a tool for many things, such as relaxation, or as medicine to some diseases such as stress. According to W, Dolfsma, “ the internet will change market for information products, of which the market for music is one leading example” (2005,par. 23). I believe the Internet is also a kind of aspect that represents globalization; the author is worried about how it is used. The Internet is for saving time, not for criticizing someone. We have to follow the technology in the world. Every tool has an appropriate way to be used. Certainly it is inevitable that someone will use the Internet in a bad way like stealing music form the Internet. But now the Internet is necessary in our life not just for music. Globalization and music in the Internet has a big advantage to be able to cover disadvantage things. We already depend on Internet so much that we have to use it more efficiently. “It is important to make clear that although evidence is being presented of the positive aspects of globalization through music that there is overwhelming evidence that cultural imperialism is more than it seems on the outside.”(Lanza, 2005).

There are three good reasons for using globalization to listen to the
music, and that can show some advantages and some disadvantages.

According to Wifred, musicians may indeed see their financial situation improve in the future, with greater sales and publicity thanks to new technologies” (2005, par. 35). First, by globalization the music companies could become bigger in business. Also you can make much money by music. Second, Globalization can make you get the song very quickly by Internet. Third, with globalization you can save time and money.
However, there are negative affects, which come with such an influence.
Many musicians do not agree with other people making copies of music, because they think this way could make the musicians broke, but in the wild wide world nobody cares about them. People just want a cheap CD’s to listen to. We can buy music of virtually any culture by ordering from massive catalogues from Internet music suppliers. But just a few people use that.

In conclusion I agree that many people nowadays use Internet for copying music songs, which is faster, and doesn’t cost any thing. On the other hand we don’t k now what to do with the musicians, they are in big trouble if the people keep taking music from the Internet.

Reference:
Dolfsma, W.(May 2000), How will the music industry weather the globalization storm? Retrieved on 10/5/05 from http://www.firstmonday.dk/issues5_5/dolfsma/

Lanza, A.(2000), Globalization and Music. Retrieved on 10/5/05 from http://www.wowessays.com/dbase/ab4/ios47.shtml

Corruption in the World Bank !!!

Argumentative Essay

I became interested in the World Bank activities and in the World Bank history after reading several articles about it. The World Bank was set up in 1945 with the ultimate goals of developing the underdeveloped nations. What does the World Bank do? The World Bank helps governments in developing countries, and also reduces poverty by providing them with money and technical expertise such as building schools, health services and government services. Paul Wolfowitz is the new president of the World Bank. He is chairman of the Bank’s board of executive directors and president of five interrelated organizations. The president of the Bank is a United States national. There is still so much poverty after many years of the World Bank’s existence, and that shows it’s failed in its mission to free the world from poverty. As we know the World Bank is working for a world free of poverty, but we are still wondering why there is still so much poverty in the world. Moreover, we are still wondering where all these millions of dollars went? We know every year the World Bank has millions of dollars to help fight poverty in the world, but we still do not see much change. Finally, there are some people who may think it is not such a big deal that they use a little money for their stuff. The human is greedy. Sometimes they can’t control their mind in front of a lot of money. But they have to keep in mind this money is just for poor countries and is amassed by nations with a tax. If the World Bank does not solve this problem, the poor people will have nothing to eat.

I plan on writing that there are three things that should be done about the World Bank system.

First, the World Bank loan system should only allow loan to be given based on the economic situation of the country. In deed, politics is involved. For example, since the U.S.A is the major fund provider to the World Bank, it somewhat controls the decisions of the World Bank about those countries that are eligible and those that are not, such as North Korea and Zambia. I think the World Bank should work on fairness between the countries first, and the World Bank shouldn't have any discrimination between the countries just for the political situation. I believe the most important thing in this case is the poor people, not the politics. If we use the political situation for giving the money to the poor people, that means we will not find any solutions to this poverty in the world and we all are now looking for solutions to this crisis.

Second, corruption of some high employees negatively affects the work at the World Bank and the loan system. Some employees accept bribes from certain people to make easy loans for them which they are really not eligible for. In fact, many people and countries pay money by taxes to the World Bank to help the poverty in the world. But not all this money is used for poor people; we don't know where this big part of this money is used. So if the employees keep accepting money from certain people and employees keep stealing money, which means the poor people are starving without any help.

Third, more researchers from different countries governments should work hard, especially at the World Bank building, to look carefully into every poverty project. I think researchers just can make the World Bank open up its cost files and help poor people to have what they need in money and food. In fact, if this problem in World Bank isn't solved by researchers, it means many poor people will lose their lives each day. But I feel researchers will make a big difference in the World Bank business and improve it.

In conclusion, I think the World Bank will change its system and work, very well for developing countries, and help the poverty in the world if the Bank used fairness between the countries and stays away from the political situation between the countries, because the poor people are the most important thing. Second, the employees should not keep accepting money from certain people and if the employees should not keep stealing money from the Bank, because that means the poor people are starving without any help. Third, researchers from different countries governments should work hard, especially at the World Bank building.

Reference:

Bush, J. (2005, March 27) Janet Bush: for all talk about making poverty history, the result is still genocide-by numbers. Independent on Sunday (London)). Retrieved on 8/31/05 from Lexis Nexis.

M2 Presswire (2005, April 1). World Bank: World Bank Board unanimously confirms Paul D. Wolfowitz as 10th Bank President. Retrieved on 9/6/05 from Lexis Nexis.

World Bank Loan System

*Research Paper Proposal

I became interested in the World Bank activities and in the World Bank history after reading several articles about it. The World Bank was set up in 1945 with the ultimate goals of developing the under developed nations. What does the World Bank do? The World Bank helps government in developing countries, and also reduces poverty by providing them with money and technical expertise such as building schools, health services and government services. Paul Wolfowitz is the new president of the World Bank. He is chairman of the Bank’s board of executive directors and president of five interrelated organizations. The president of the Bank is a United States national. In fact, still there is so much poverty after many years of the World Bank’s existence, and that shows it’s failed in it's mission to free the world from poverty. As we know the World Bank is working for a world free of poverty, but we are still wondering why there is still so much poverty in the world. Moreover, we are still wondering where all these millions of dollars went? We know every year the World Bank has millions of dollars to help fight poverty in the world, but we still do not see much change. Finally, there are some people who may think it is not such a big deal that they use a little money for their stuff. The human is greedy. Sometimes they can’t control their mind in front of a lot of money. But they have to keep in mind this money is just for poor countries and is amassed by nations with a tax. If the World Bank does not solve this problem, the poor people will have nothing to eat.

I plan on writing that there are three things that should be done about the World Bank system. First, many years of making poverty history is not going well so far. In fact, we can control the World Bank system by the U.S. government, when we make a law to look carefully at the World Bank’s control system in every poverty project. Second, the treasury secretary should verify all the Bank’s business by making the World Bank open up it's cost files. Finally, more researchers should work hard, especially in the World Bank working areas by sending observers to the World Bank buildings without any appointment, to check the business.

I have found many articles that give background information on the World Bank loan system, and I have found the main points that can help to describe the problem. I still need an article about how we can make more development in some countries and how we could solve this problem to spend this money in the right way. So, we can get an end to this poverty in the world.

Reference:
Bush, J. (2005, March 27) Janet Bush: for all talk about making poverty history, the result is still genocide-by numbers. Independent on Sunday (London). Retrieved from: Lexis Nexis on (8/31/05).

M2 Presswire (2005, April 1). World Bank: World Bank Board unanimously confirms Paul D. Wolfowitz as 10th Bank President. Retrieved on 9/6/05 from: Lexis Nexis.

http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/international/worldbank-imf/images/imf_worldbank_r2_c2.jpg

Happy Birthday Awni ~~~~.

Happy birthday to you,

happy birthday to you.



* * * * 9/19/2005 * * * *

The New President of The World Bank

Summary Response #2

One of the most important things in the world is World Bank. The World Bank is playing a key role in many countries all over the world. World Bank is like a small hand for all people who want any kind of help. These banks help the poor people in any places on the world that need help by giving food, water or treatment. Many continuing in the world nowadays depend on this bank; poor people or countries have the food or some money from World Bank. What is World Bank doing for poor people and who is Mr. Wolfowitz?

The directors and some administration members of the World Bank discussed choosing a new president for the Bank. Mr. James D. Wolfensohn’s retirement of the ex- World Bank president, he was the leader of the World Bank. The group members said that Mr. James. D did an excellent job during these 10 years to decrease the poverty across the world. After a unanimous choosing, Mr. Paul Wolfowitz becomes the new president of the World Bank. Paul Wolfowitz became the tenth president of the World Bank Group on June 1, 2005. The Bank’s Board of Directors unanimously approved the nomination of Mr. Wolfowitz on March 31. Before choosing the president the administration members had discussions with Mr. Wolfowitz about some bank’s policies or programs such as mission of poverty, development strategy.

As we know Mr. Wolfowitz is an American national; he was previously dean and professor of international relations and he study international studies (SAIS) at Johns Hopkins University. He was one of the biggest U.S government officials; he works as U.S ambassador to Indonesia and assistant secretary in East Asia. The last position Mr. Wolfowitz held before becoming the World Bank president was “head of the U.S State Department’s Policy Planning Staff, as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Regional Programs and in the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. “ Also Mr. Wolfowitz has a doctorate in political science from the University of Chicago.

In fact, it is something good when we find a bank like this World Bank which is just established for helping the people. In my opinion The World Bank supports the efforts of developing country governments in many ways such as building to build schools and health centers, providing water and electricity, fighting disease, and protecting the environment. Last but not least, it is a development Bank that provides loans, policy advice, and technical assistance and knowledge services. This article was really good news for me because new I feel there is someone who can care about the poor people in the world.

Reference:
M2 Presswire (2005, April 1). World Bank: World Bank Board unanimously confirms Paul D. Wolfowitz as 10th Bank President. Retrieved on 9/6/05 from: Lexis Nexis.

http://www.tsr.ch/xobix_media/images/keystone/2005/
keyimg20050316
5606909_0.jpg

World bank

Summary Response #1

In this article, the author discusses the role of the World Bank in the world and the nomination of a new president for the World Bank. The World Bank was set up in 1945 with the ultimate goals to develop the under- developed nations. However, World Bank has become an arm of United States strategic interests.

Paul Wolfowitz, the new president of the World Bank has to look carefully for the strategies that can help in developing third- world nations through fighting poverty. Consequently poverty reduction in these nations will reduce terrorism to a great extent. In fact, the World Bank doesn’t follow a “fair game” in dealing with different countries. It actually dictates certain strategies on developing countries which do not consider these counties economy stricture, for example, Poland and Africa. Clearly one of Wolfowitz missions is to share with those courtiers the design of these doilies to fit with their economy structure.

As we know the World Bank should give more space to those countries governments to design their own policies, which fit the structure of the economy in other to loan money; they should be a good hand for developing and making peace in the World Bank should work together to eliminate the poverty worldwide.

In conclusion, most countries wonder about the objectives of the World Bank. In fact, the World Bank should start right away to revise its own policies and design instead a new once which aims, mainly, to eliminate poverty.

Reference:
Bush, J. (2005, March 27) Janet Bush: for all talk about making poverty history, the result is still genocide-by numbers. Independent on Sunday (London) on (8/31/05) Retrieved from: Lexis Nexis.

Children and Crime

The thesis of “Computer and Crime” by Kristine Brown and Susan Hood in Academic Encounters Life in Society (2002), indicates that there are some people who use computer systems for illegal purposes such as stealing money from banks accounts. As technology developed and helped for business and private purposes, it also helped for committing crimes. Not only money stealing is the crime by using computer, but also downloading software freely from the internet. I believe that people who uses computer for illegal purposes are increasing and should be punished by law.
The most dangerous form of stealing through the internet is to break in to certain websites and steal private information that is called hacking such as, social security number which can allow the on-line thief to use someone’s identity in whatsoever illegal activity. One crime associated with computers is selling through the internet. For example, a fake company, which has a web-site, offer goods for sale that never delivers. The consumers send his personal information to the one of these companies such as credit card number in order to pay for the price of the good. There are many problems in fighting computer crimes. First, many computer crimes are not reported to the police. In the U.S. only 17% of high-tech crimes are reported to authorities. Sometimes, companies do not report computers crimes because, the public may then lose confidence in them. Second, police cannot identify computer criminals because it is difficult to know who commits the crime. It also needs special technological skills. Computers also help police to solve crimes. For instance, the U.S. is developing a national computer database on recorded thefts. Moreover, computer helps in displaying photographs of suspects and wanted criminals on the internet.

I agree that computer crimes are increasing every year and should be punishment by law. There are many crimes that happen using the computer systems such as, stealing money from bank accounts or breaking in to a website and getting some personal information. So, I think we have to make special department in the police station to fight these kinds of crimes. Computer virus is a kind of virus that hurts the computer running. For example, a virus called “Chernobyl”, happened in 1999, and attacked hundreds of thousands of computer around the world. The viruses can be deliberately written in to programs and documents. In my opinion that U.S. government could make a program in the computer so we can protect the computer from any viruses.
I agree with author that there are many crimes happen in the internet world. For instance, stealing some programs from internet by illegal way. And also there are many website that phasing by emails. In fact, it is a fights company. I think the government should make punishment an force by law to fights those companies to protect the people from stealing.
In conclusion, I believe that there are several reasons why computer crimes are increasing every year. First, there are many crimes that happen by using the computer systems with out any punishment. Second, there are many computer programs stealing with out any safety. After all, the government should make serious punishment by the law to stop the computer crimes.

@ Internet @

There are many changes in Qatar and in the world nowadays by theInternet.The rapid changes in communication and technology makes life more convenient. The Internet and the information technology are helping the development of a higher standard of living in every country. The internet has different uses, for example; there are many advantages and disadvantages of using the internet. But my country Qatar has mostly benefited. As a developing country, the internet helps my home country in many aspects. For example, it helps researchers in the universities to get information and data by searching the internet. Moreover, it can be used by the public to gain knowledge, for example, the one can read any newspaper that is published any where in he world. In addition, the internet can be used for learning at schools, so students can use the internet in taking courses and practicing exams on-line. The Internet is also popular for use in connecting people all over the world by e-mails and chat programs. On the other hand, the internet has some disadvantages that cause significant problems in my home country. It wastes people’s time, for example, playing games on the net and listening to music. Moreover, the Internet has much adult content that is accessible to teenagers. Furthermore, too much use of the computer and internet makes some people very lazy and unwilling to work with their hands. And some people at the present time use the internet for hacking and to swindle businesses. The future of internet in my home country is working on communication projects in order to make internet service connections cheap. As a result, internet service will spread out to be used everywhere such as schools, university and houses. In addition, there are some centers of internet for the people who don’t know how to use internet. Moreover, some people use internet for shopping. Last but not least, internet improves knowledge in Qatar for many people by learning and browsing. In my opinion, the internet in my country will help it for development between other countries. In conclusion, although, the internet in Qatar has some disadvantages and advantages, but the advantages are much greater. In fact, the internet has changed the life of people and made it easier. It’s expected that internet programs will keep growing in improvement and will be come more involved in all aspects of life.